Arizona State Bird
Arizona state bird: Cactus Wren Toxostoma
rufum
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Arizona State Bird Description:
- Size: 7 to 9 inches (18-22 cm)
- Weight: 1.13 to 1.66 ounces (32-47 g)
The color of both sexes is the same; the upperparts are
brownish with scattered white streaks, the belly and breast are
tawny-colored and heavily spotted. The crown is rust-colored and there
is a long white eyestripe above each eye. The wings and tail
are barred black and white and a white tail band is visible in flight.
Habitat:
The Cactus Wren can be found in desert areas with taller cacti
(especially cholla), or arid hillsides and valleys with other thorny
plants capable of supporting their bulky nests.
Range:
Ranges from southern California, southern Nevada, southwest Utah,
central New Mexico, and central and southern Texas to central Mexico.
Year-round resident in southern, western, and central Arizona in
deserts with thorny vegetation.
Diet:
The Cactus Wren feeds on insects and spiders, some types of fruit and
rarely reptiles and amphibians. It often forages for food by
overturning moveable objects on the ground with its large curved bill, capturing
creatures hiding underneath.
Nesting:
The Cactus Wren's nest is built in a cactus or thorn tree,
usually surrounded by thorns. It is a large, conspicuous, spherical
structure usually built with dry grasses and annual plants and even
strips of discarded paper and cloth. A long, narrow-sided passage into
an internal chamber, as well as the thorny substrate, protects this
nest from most predators. As with most wren nests, the nest chamber is
usually lined with feathers. Both the male and female build the nest.
The clutch will contain 2 to 7 eggs and incubation takes
about 16 days.
A Few Things You Probably Didn't Know About the Arizona State
Bird:
- The Cactus Wren is the largest wren
in the United States.
- The Cactus Wren is abundant below 4,000 feet
in Arizona, but has been found in elevations up to 6,000 feet
in New Mexico.
- The Cactus Wren destroys the nests of
other bird species, pecking or removing their eggs.
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