Alaska State Bird
Alaska state bird: Willow Ptarmigan Tyrannus
forficatus
Alaska State Bird Description:
- Size: 14 to 17 inches (35 - 44 cm)
- Wingspan: 24 to 26 inches (60 - 65 cm)
- Weight: 15.25 to 28.5 ounces (430- 810 g)
The Willow Ptarmigan is a small grouse. It is heavy-bodied
with a moderately short tail that is rounded and black. It has a red
comb over its eyes which is larger in the spring and summer. The bill
is small and dark and its legs and feet are feathered.
In the spring and summer it has rusty brown feathers on its
back, neck and head mixed with white feathers on its wings and stomach.
In the winter, it is all white except for a few black feathers
on its tail.
Habitat:
The Willow Ptarmigan lives in open tundra. It prefers areas
heavily vegetated with grasses, mosses, herbs, and shrubs including
thickets with alder and willow trees.
Range:
The Willow Ptarmigan's range spreads across Alaska into Labrador and
south to central British Columbia, northern Ontario, and central
Quebec.
Diet:
The Willow Ptarmigan eats flowers, leaves, plant shoots, berries, seeds
and insects. In the winter it will eat twigs and buds from willows and
alders.
Nesting:
The female builds the nest in a location that is sheltered by rocks,
plants or logs. It is built on the ground in a hollowed out
area that is lined with feathers and grass. The male guards the nesting
area while the female incubates the eggs.
The clutch contains 4 to 14 eggs and the incubation period
lasts about three weeks.
A Few Things You Probably Didn't Know About the Alaska State
Bird:
- The Willow Ptarmigan will often fly into
snow banks to sleep. By flying into the banks, they don't leave any
tracks for predators to follow.
- The feathers on its legs and feet help
protect it from the cold and snow.
- The female Willow Ptarmigan molts directly
from winter white to summer brown. The males actually display a transitional
plumage, showing a graduale change from white to chestnut brown.
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